Sunday 20 January 2013

What is a hormone? Estrogen?

Hormones :

A hormone is a chemical substance. Also known as chemical messengers, it is secreted by one tissue and travels by way of body fluids to affect another tissue in your body.
The levels and amount of hormones change daily. The sex hormones, estrogen and testosterone, are secreted in short bursts or pulses. Hormone release varies between night and day and from one stage of the menstrual cycle to another.
Estrogen
Estrogen are steroid compounds. They play an important role in the development and the functioning of the female human body.
Produced by the ovaries, they are released by the follicles on the ovaries and are secreted by the corpus luteum after the egg has been released from the follicle and from the placenta.
The stimulation for secretion of estrogen comes from the Luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. The estrogen is synthesized in the theca interna cells in the ovary.




Estrogen is an entire class of related hormones that includes estriol, estradiol, and estrone.
Estriol is made from the placenta. It’s produced during pregnancy.
Estradiol is the primary sex hormone of childbearing women. It is formed from developing ovarian follicles. Estradiol is responsible for female characteristics and sexual functioning. Also, estradiol is important to women's bone health. Estradiol contributes to most gynecologic problems, including endometriosis and fibroids and even female cancers.
Estrone is widespread throughout the body. It is the only estrogen present after menopause.

Physical Functions:
Estrogen is responsible for development of the female body. It helps decelerate height increase in females during puberty, accelerates burning of body fat and reduces muscle bulk.
It also stimulates growth of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) during the menstrual cycle, increases uterine growth, improves lubrication of the vagina, and thickens the vaginal wall while increasing blood vessels to the skin.

Instances when estrogen levels fall includes:

  • Hypogonadism
  • Hypopituitarism
  • Pregnancy failure (estriol)
  • Perimenopause and menopause (estradiol)
  • Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
  • Anorexia nervosa (eating disorder)
  • Extreme exercise or training

References:
http://marshanunleymd.wordpress.com/2011/03/04/estrogen-a-hormone-much-maligned/
http://www.macalester.edu/academics/psychology/whathap/ubnrp/estrogen/ert.html
http://www.nebraskamed.com/health-library/232343/estrogens-effects-on-the-female-body

1 comment:

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